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1-Explain the fundamental principles of organic and inorganic chemistry and their interconnections in various chemical reactions.
2-Recognize the role of inorganic elements in organic compounds and their impact on chemical and biological systems.
3-Analyze the structural and functional relationships between organic and inorganic molecules in industrial, pharmaceutical, and biological applications.
4-Illustrate key mechanisms where organic and inorganic chemistry integrate, such as catalysis, coordination chemistry, and hybrid materials.